[Office Partner Information Center] Since the domestic pen has been put into the market in 1998, the annual output has grown rapidly, and it has become the world's largest producer of neutral pens. Due to the influence of writing performance, many pen-making enterprises have suffered the problem of retreating, and the losses are large. In the article published in the second issue of the "China Pen" journal in 2004, "because of the invasion of yeast, encountering a good culture of glycerol, causing yeast to rapidly multiply, causing ink Deterioration, the emulsion-like ink becomes latex-like, further localized into a sheet-like, granular, more serious solidification into a block, and the like, thus seriously affecting the writing performance of the neutral ink."
In this test report, it is mentioned in the test that changing the formulation of neutral ink and replacing propylene glycol with other raw materials can prevent the intrusion of yeast into the culture medium without production. I agree with this view and hope to be in the formula. A mildew inhibitor should also be added. However, there are other fundamental reasons that affect the writing performance. 1 If the neutral ink itself is unstable, after a long period of storage, it will also cause suspension and sinking, resulting in rejection and cohesion between various substances, forming decomposition. , agglomerate; 2 also has neutral ink itself, dry resistance, poor weather resistance, gradually dry and solidified from the tip of the pen, blocking the ink flow path; 8 as neutral ink on other substances (pen), neutral The ink is adsorbed on the inner wall of the pen head, and the dirt is stained by the neutral ink on the inner flow path of the pen tip, especially the lead brass head, which is rusted (commonly known as copper bronze). The single-sided gap between the ball and the ball in the gel pen tip is only O. 005mm or so, if the dirt or a little rust, its thickness reaches O. 005mm, at that time, the neutral ink will be of high quality, and the writing performance will be affected by the narrowing of the gap. The above three fundamental issues should all be technical issues in the design of neutral ink formulations.
The gel pen is a new product first developed by foreign countries. It was made of stainless steel (iron) material at the beginning, and then developed with nickel-nickel-copper material to produce the pen. Domestically, due to the processing equipment, the 212JJ is backward, and it is easy to make and cost. The neutral tip is made of the same lead brass material as the oily tip. Since foreign countries did not consider the problem of matching lead and neutral inks, the neutral ink did not take into account the internal corrosion of lead brass. Practice has proved that in the same ink, the same storage conditions, storage days - long, the formation of three different degrees of time difference, the longest stainless steel pen, nickel-nickel-copper followed by lead brass, this conclusion is also widely recognized in the pen industry view. But in the end, the influence of writing performance is still in the formulation of neutral ink. If you consider it thoughtfully, neutral ink can completely prevent the above various influences on writing.
Due to the disorderly competition of low-priced neutral refills in China, the price of refills has dropped again and again in the past few years, and the price has reached the limit. The price is close to the oily ballpoint pen. If neutral ink can be localized, there is still room for price reduction compared to imported ink.
Most of the domestic pen-head production uses automatic instrument lathes to process lead-brass pens. Due to factors such as equipment and tools, the amount of ink produced by this method is difficult to achieve consistency. If neutral inks rely on imports, Viscosity, consistency, surface tension, etc. are fixed. Some imported inks are expected to require Swiss heads in terms of quality. The quality can be guaranteed. On the contrary, foreign countries do not recognize ink problems.
This has greatly hindered the development of China's gel pen. To this end, I suggest that companies that use domestic pens to produce gel pens can consider the idea of ​​developing Chinese pens with Chinese characteristics, using neutral inks to match the ink output and writing performance of the pen. Focusing on the ink, the pen is matched, and we reverse it, which changes the passive situation of the production of the pen. The formulation of neutral ink is a kind of complicated thing. It must be considered as a kind of ink with good performance. After seven years of exploration, improvement, and how many times of improvement, it is practiced. Sexual ink has a comprehensive understanding. Through the test of various conditions and the test of time, it can provide a formula and production scheme of economical and convenient neutral ink, which can be used to adjust the ink viscosity and consistency according to the actual ink discharge gap. The surface tension can reduce the economic loss caused by the large gap between the writing head and the small ink and the ink. I have also provided a lot of ink samples in the past, most of which are used in conjunction with domestic pens. Because of the difference in precision of the pens, the fixed inks cannot meet the requirements of each factory. Later I changed the strategy of single supply of ink. I bought the pens myself, prepared the inks myself, and produced the refills, which was accepted by the pen factory. Some of them entrusted me to produce the refills, so that the refills avoided the situation that they could not cooperate with each other.
A coffee table is a low table designed to be placed in a sitting area for convenient support of beverages, remote controls, magazines, books (especially large, illustrated coffee table books), decorative objects, and other small items.
Most coffee tables are made of wood (though faux wood tables are increasingly common) or glass and metal, typically, stainless steel or aluminum and may incorporate cabinets or drawers.
Coffee tables were thought to initially be constructed in Renaissance England.
Origins
Japanese style coffee table.
In Europe, the first tables specifically designed as and called coffee tables, appear to have been made in Britain during the late Victorian era.
Couch and coffee table in a hotel room
According to the listing in Victorian Furniture by R. W. Symonds & B. B. Whineray and also in The Country Life Book of English Furniture by Edward T. Joy, a table designed by E. W. Godwin in 1868 and made in large numbers by William Watt, and Collinson and Lock, is a coffee table. If this is correct it may be one of the earliest made in Europe. Other sources, however, list it only as "table" so this can not be stated categorically. Far from being a low table, this table was about twenty-seven inches high.[citation needed]
Later coffee tables were designed as low tables and this idea may have come from the Ottoman Empire, based on the tables in use in tea gardens. However, as the Anglo-Japanese style was popular in Britain throughout the 1870s and 1880s and low tables were common in Japan, this seems to be an equally likely source for the concept of a long low table.
From the late 19th century onwards, many coffee tables were subsequently made in earlier styles due to the popularity of revivalism, so it is quite possible to find Louis XVI style coffee tables or Georgian style coffee tables, but there seems to be no evidence of a table actually made as a coffee table before this time. Joseph Aronson writing in 1938 defines a coffee table as a, "Low wide table now used before a sofa or couch. There is no historical precedent...," suggesting that coffee tables were a late development in the history of furniture. With the increasing availability of television sets from the 1950s onwards coffee tables really came into their own since they are low enough, even with cups and glasses on them, not to obstruct the view of the TV.[citation needed]
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